When should a person be under general, local, or spinal anesthesia? : function, dosage, side effects, how to use

Before surgery, usually the patient will be sedated first. You need to know that there are various types of anesthesia (anesthesia), such as general anesthesia, local, and spinal. Each injection of the anesthetic is used at a different time. Curious about when a general, local, or spinal anesthetic is injected into a patient? Check out the following reviews.

Get to know anesthesia and its various types

In fact, the meaning of anesthesia is loss of sensation. In the world of medicine, this is a way to control pain during surgery using anesthetic.

In general, the way anesthesia works is to turn off the nerve signals for certain areas of the body, causing a person to become unconscious and experience no pain. After the effect wears off, the nerve signals will return to activity and you will regain consciousness.

There are many different types of anesthesia, but the most commonly used are local, general, and spinal. The following is an explanation of the types of anesthesia, such as:

Local anesthesia can numb a small portion of the nerve tissue in the body for surgery.
Regional anesthesia can numb large parts of the body, but it still restricts only certain parts and still makes the patient conscious. Sometimes additional medication is needed to relax the patient and lose consciousness. One example of this type of anesthesia is spinal and epidural anesthesia.
This general anesthesia or general anesthesia makes the patient completely unconscious so that he is not aware of what is happening and does not feel pain from the surgery process. This type of anesthesia can be given by injection into a vein or inhaled.

The use of the type of anesthesia in the patient is adjusted to the medical procedure being performed, the age, and the patient's preference. For example, in young children, they tend to be unable to stay still so they need general anesthesia so as not to interfere with the operation. Likewise, patients who undergo difficult and time-consuming surgical procedures will use general anesthesia.

When are general, local, and spinal anesthesia needed for the patient?

Local anesthesia will be given to patients who are going to undergo minor surgery which usually only causes minor injuries to the body. Patients who are given this type of anesthesia will remain conscious, only given a sedative to relax them more. This anesthesia prevents the nerves in the area being operated on from sending pain signals to the brain.

Usually, this anesthetic is given to patients who are going to perform several medical procedures, such as:

Treatment of badly damaged teeth, such as tooth abscess
Skin biopsy
Removes the growth of flesh under the skin
Remove moles or warts
Pacemaker insertion
Bone marrow biopsy or lumbar puncture

Then, for anesthesia or spinal anesthesia given to patients who need partial body surgery, the area is wider than local anesthesia. Mostly used for surgery in the waist area down so that the body part cannot be moved at the same time does not hurt.

Some procedures that require local anesthesia, such as:

Surgery on the prostate, bladder, or penis
Surgery to the bones in the hip and leg
Surgery on the uterus, ovaries, and vagina
Caesarean section
Hernia surgery

Meanwhile, for general anesthesia for surgery that involves vital body functions, especially those that affect breathing, such as the abdomen and chest. In addition, this type of anesthesia is also used when performing operations which allow more blood to be removed and a sufficiently large area of the body. This anesthesia makes the patient lose consciousness, can't remember, and feels pain during the surgery.

Some procedures that require general anesthesia, such as: