Glyceryl trinitrate: functions, dosage, side effects, how to use

Functions & Usage

What is Glyceryl Trinitrate used for?

Glyceryl Trinitrate is a drug used to treat angina. It can be in the form of a spray or tablet that can relieve pain from angina. Some people will take these tablets or spray the drug when they begin to experience symptoms of angina (chest pain). As for GTN, which is a patch, it is usually used regularly to prevent pain caused by angina from occurring. Pain due to angina can be felt worse if part of your heart muscle doesn't get the blood and oxygen it needs. Usually, this is caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries due to a buildup of fat known as atheroma. This narrowing makes it more difficult for blood to flow to your heart muscle. GTN works in two ways, calming the blood vessels in your body (causing them to expand) and reducing the strain on your heart, making it easier for your heart to pump blood. This medication can also relax and widen the coronary arteries, which increases blood flow to your heart muscle.

How do you use the drug Glyceryl Trinitrate?

Before you start this treatment, read the product information that is printed on the brochure that is in your product package. The brochure will provide more information about the drug and a complete list of the side effects you may experience.

Follow the instructions given by your doctor. To remind you, the dosage you need is on the label.

Spray: spray a spray or two under the tongue when you feel symptoms of angina pain (chest pain). Close your mouth immediately after using the spray. Your chest pain should ease in a minute or so. If the first dose doesn't work, then apply another spray five minutes later. If the pain persists for 15 minutes despite the GTN spray, call an ambulance immediately.

Sublingual tablets: place a tablet under your tongue when angina pain begins so that the pain can go away immediately. Your chest pain should start to ease within a minute or so. If the first dose doesn't work, take the second tablet again after five minutes. If the pain persists for 15 minutes despite using GTN, call an ambulance immediately.

Patch: apply one patch every 24 hours. Usually the patch is usually placed on the chest or upper arm, but this can vary depending on the brand of patch given. If you are still unsure, then check the product information in the brochure in the packaging. Use a different area of ​​your body each time you apply the patch. If you use GTN all the time, your body will get used to it and it will make using the patch less effective at preventing angina pain. To overcome the body's tolerance problem to the Glyceryl Trinitrate patch, your doctor may advise you not to use the patch before you sleep, so that the blood in your body is free of nitrates while you sleep.

Ointment: Apply 1-2 inches of ointment (use according to the size provided) and apply to the chest, arms, or thighs every 3-4 hours as needed. Use a different area of ​​your skin each time you apply the ointment.

How to store Glyceryl Trinitrate?

Store at room temperature, away from direct light and damp places. Don't keep it in the bathroom. Don't freeze it. Other brands of this drug may have different storage rules. Observe the storage instructions on the product package or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medicines away from children and pets.

Do not flush medicines down the toilet or down the drain unless instructed to do so. Discard this product when it has expired or when it is no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company about how to safely dispose of your product.

Precautions & Warnings

What should be considered before using the drug Glyceryl Trinitrate?

Before using this medication, tell your doctor if you:

• Allergy to nitrates
• Have low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Having a low volume of circulating blood (hypovolaemia), for example due to heavy bleeding
• Heart disease, associated with thickening of the heart muscle (hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy)
• Has inflammation that surrounds the heart, which causes the heart not to beat normally. (constrictive pericarditis)
• Having fluid in the sacs surrounding the heart that prevents the heart from beating normally (cardiac tamponade)
• Has narrowing of the main artery leaving the heart (aortic stenosis)
• Has a narrowing of one of the valves in the heart (mitral valve stenosis)
• Have increased pressure inside the skull, for example due to a head injury or bleeding in the brain (cerebral hemorrhage)
• Have severe anemia.

This treatment is not recommended for children

Is the drug Glyceryl Trinitrate safe for pregnant and lactating women?

There are no adequate studies regarding the risks of using this drug in pregnant or breastfeeding women. Always consult your doctor to weigh the potential benefits and risks before using this medication. This medicine is included in the pregnancy risk category C. (A = No risk, B = No risk in some studies, C = Possible risk, D = There is positive evidence of risk, X = Contraindicated, N = unknown)

The safety of using Glyceryl Trinitrate has not been determined in nursing mothers.

Whenever possible, it makes sense to limit the use of this drug during breastfeeding. However, your doctor may decide that the benefits outweigh the risks in certain individuals after passing a number of careful assessments according to your specific health situation.

If you still have any doubts or concerns you are advised to discuss the drug with your doctor or pharmacist.

Side effects

What are the possible side-effects of Glyceryl Trinitrate?

Side effects, including:

• Headache
• Dizzy
• Feeling weak
• A drop in blood pressure that occurs when moving from a lying or sitting position to a sitting or standing position, so that the person feels dizzy and feels floating (postural hypotension)
• Nausea
• Flushing the face
• Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
• Decreased heart rate (brachycardia)
• Fainting
• A burning or stinging sensation in the mouth
• Sores on the tongue
• Allergic skin reactions

Not everyone experiences the following side effects. There may be some side effects not listed above. If you have concerns about certain side effects, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Drug Interactions

What medicines can interfere with the drug Glyceryl Trinitrate?

Drug interactions can change the performance of your medications or increase the risk of serious side effects. Not all possible drug interactions are listed in this document.

Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription / non-prescription drugs and herbal products) and consult your doctor or pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any medication without your doctor's approval.

The following medicines may interact with Glyceryl Trinitrate:

• Dihydroergotamine
• Heparin
• Sapropterin

The following types of drugs may interact with Glyceryl Trinitrate

• Antipsychotics
• Beta-blockers
• Calcium antagonists
• Morphine-like analgesics
• Medicines to treat low blood pressure
• Other vasodilators
• Phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors
• Tricyclic antidepressants

Can certain foods and drinks interfere with the work of the drug Glyceryl Trinitrate?

Certain drugs should not be used with meals or when eating certain foods because drug interactions can occur. Consuming alcohol or tobacco with certain drugs can also cause interactions to occur. Discuss your use of drugs with food, alcohol, or tobacco with your health care provider.

What health conditions can interfere with the performance of the drug Glyceryl Trinitrate?

Any other health conditions you have can affect the use of this drug. Always tell your doctor if you have other health problems, especially:

• Severe decline in kidney function
• Severe decline in liver function
• Recently had a heart attack
• Having low levels of oxygen in your blood, for example due to lung disease or right heart failure
• Have an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism)
• Malnutrition
• Have a very low body temperature (hypothermia)
• Have increased pressure in the eyeball or glaucoma

Dose

The information provided is not a substitute for a doctor's prescription. ALWAYS consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting treatment.

What is the dose of Glyceryl Trinitrate for adults?

Oral

Regulate the stability of angina

Adults: up to 12.8 mg, 3 times a day.

Sublingual

Acute angina

Adults: As a tablet: 300-600 mcg, repeated if necessary. Seek immediate medical attention if pain persists after a total of 3 doses within 15 minutes. As an aerosol spray: 1-2 sprays of 400 mcg directed directly up or under the tongue, cover mouth after spraying. No more than 3 meter doses - the dose to be taken at one time and a minimum of 15 minute intervals between each use.

Buccal

Acute angina

Adult: 2-5 m, 3 times a day, placed between the gum and upper lip, increase if necessary. If the buccal tablet is accidentally swallowed, place another tablet in the buccal cavity again.

Heart failure

Adults: 5 mg placed between the gum and upper lip, repeated until symptoms are controlled. For chronic heart failure: 5-10 mg, 3 times daily, may be used.

Transdermal

Regulate the stability of angina

Adult: stick 1 Patch (will release 2.5-20 mg / 24 hours) on the chest, upper arms, thighs, stomach or shoulders. Replace with a new patch every 24 hours and apply the new patch on a different area of ​​the body. Maximum: 20 mg daily.

Phlebitis prophylaxis and extravasation secondary to venous cannulation

Adults: Use one 5-mg patch distal to the IV insertion area, changing the patch on a different skin area daily or after 3-4 days depending on the patch; do this continuously as long as there is still IV infusion.

Through blood vessels

Angina is unstable

Adults: Initially, 5-10 mcg / minute. Usual: 10-200 mcg / minute.

Heart failure

Adults: Initially, 5-25 mcg / minute.

Acute myocardial infarction

Adults: Initially, 5-25 mcg / min, as per patient response. typical: 10-200 mcg / minute. Maximum: 400 mcg / minute.

Induction of hypotension or control of hypertension during surgery

Adults: Initially, 5-25 mcg / min, as per patient response. typical: 10-200 mcg / minute. Maximum: 400 mcg / minute.

Topical / Cutaneous

Regulate the stability of angina

Adults: As a 2% ointment: Apply 0.5-2 inches (to chest, arms, thighs or back) 3-4 times a day or every 3-4 hours, if necessary.

Rectal

Pain due to chronic anal fissures

Adults: As a 0.4% ointment: Apply 1.5 mg intra-anal every 12 hours for up to 8 weeks.

What is the dosage of Glyceryl Trinitrate for children?

This medication should not be used in children under 18 years of age.

In what dosage and preparation is Glyceryl Trinitrate available?

Glyceryl Trinitrate is available in the following dosages:

Sublingual tablets: 500 mcg, 600 mcg

Spray: 400 mcg / dose

Ointment: 0.2%, 0.4%

Patch: 5 mg / 24 hours, 10 mg / 24 hours, 15 mg / 24 hours

Injection: 5 mg / mL

What to do in an emergency or overdose?

In case of an emergency or overdose, contact the local emergency services provider (119) or immediately to the nearest hospital emergency department.

What should I do if I forget to take medicine or forget to take medicine?

If you forget a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, when it is nearing the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and return to the usual dosing schedule. Don't double the dose.

Hello Health Group does not provide medical consultation, diagnosis or treatment.