- Definition
What are chemical burns?
Chemical burns are those caused by chemicals such as alkalis, acids, or chemicals that damage other skin tissue if they come into contact with the skin. Most of these accidents only cause first-degree burns, which may peel like sunburns, during the following week. Some types of hair medications can cause minor irritation and sunburn on the head. Some chemicals that are too strong can even cause deep burns.
What are the signs and symptoms?
Symptoms and signs include:
- Stomach ache
- Difficulty breathing
- Lips and skin are light red or bluish
- Seizures
- Dizzy
- Headache
- Hives, itching, swelling, nausea, vomiting, or weakness due to an allergic reaction
- Pain where skin comes in contact with toxic substances
- Rashes, abrasions, burns on the skin
- Unconsciousness
- How to handle
What should I do?
Remove any clothing contaminated with chemicals and rinse the burnt parts of the body with clear water for 20 minutes. Try not to rub the exposed skin while cleaning. Do not apply burns ointment, as cleaning the ointment will also cause pain. Don't butter either as it only increases the infection rate. If the burnt area is large, cover it with a clean, damp cloth.
When should I see a doctor?
See a doctor immediately after you or your child is exposed to chemicals. The doctor may need to check for blisters, burns on the face, or large burns.
- Prevention
To avoid chemical burns:
- All chemicals should be stored safely and out of reach of children. Should be stored in a locked cupboard.
- Avoid mixing different products that contain toxic chemicals like ammonia and bleach together. The mixture can give off harmful fumes.
- Avoid prolonged (even low-grade) chemical exposure.
- Avoid using potentially toxic substances in the kitchen or around food.
- Buy potentially toxic substances in safe containers, and buy only the amount needed.
- Many household products are made from toxic chemicals. It is very important to read and follow the label directions before buying it, so that you know what to do for precautions.
- Never store household products in food or drink containers. Put or store the product in the original container.
- Store chemicals safely immediately after use.
- Use paints, petroleum products, ammonia, bleach, and other fumes only in well-ventilated areas.
