Glipizide: function, dosage, side effects, how to use

What Drug Glipizide?

What is glipizide for?

Glipizide is a drug used with a regular diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. It can also be used with other diabetes medications. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, limb loss, and problems with sexual function. Good diabetes control can also reduce the risk of having a heart attack or stroke. Glipzide belongs to a class of drugs known as sulfonylureas. It reduces blood sugar by causing the body's natural insulin release.

How is glipizide used?

Take this medication 30 minutes before breakfast or the first meal of the day as directed by your doctor, usually once a day. Some patients, especially those on high doses, may be asked to take it twice a day. The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.

To reduce your risk of side effects, your doctor may direct you to start this medication at a low dose and increase gradually. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully.

If you are already using other anti-diabetes drugs (such as chlorpropamide), follow your doctor's instructions carefully for stopping the old drug and starting glipizide.

Colesevelam can reduce the absorption of glipizide. If you are using colesevelam, take glipizide at least 4 hours before using colesevelam.

Use this remedy regularly for the best benefits. To help you remember, use the medicine at the same time each day.

Tell your doctor if conditions do not improve or get worse (your blood sugar level is too high or too low).

How is glipizide stored?

This medication is best stored at room temperature, away from direct light and damp places. Don't keep it in the bathroom. Don't freeze it. Other brands of this drug may have different storage rules. Observe the storage instructions on the product package or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medicines away from children and pets.

Do not flush medicines down the toilet or down the drain unless instructed to do so. Discard this product when it has expired or when it is no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company about how to safely dispose of your product.

Glipizide dosage

The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. ALWAYS consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting treatment.

What is the dosage for glipizide for adults?

Recommended dosage starts at 5 mg, given before breakfast. Adult patients or those who have liver disease may start from 2.5 mg.

What is the dose of glipizide for children?

The dosage for children is not determined. Consult your doctor for more information.

In what dosage is glipizide available?

Tablet, Oral: 5 mg, 10 mg

Glipizide side effects

What side effects can be experienced due to glipizide?

Seek emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Stop using glipizide and call your doctor right away if you have serious side effects such as:

• easy bruising or bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums), feeling tired or short of breath, fast heartbeat
• nausea, upper stomach pain, hives, loss of appetite, dark urine, pale stool, jaundice (yellowish skin or eyes);
• pale skin, fever, confusion
• throbbing headache, severe nausea and vomiting, fast heartbeat, dryness or thirst, feeling like fainting;

Less serious side effects can include:

• mild nausea
• diarrhea, constipation
• dizzy, sleepy
• skin rash, redness, or itching

Not everyone experiences this side effect. There may be some side effects not listed above. If you are concerned about the side effects please consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Glipizide Drug Warnings and Cautions

What should be known before using glipizide?

Before using glipizide, tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to glipizide, any other drug, or any of the ingredients in glipizide. Ask the pharmacist for a list of ingredients.

Tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription drugs, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are using or plan to use. Be sure to mention anticoagulants ("blood thinners") such as warfarin (Coumadin); aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn); beta blockers such as atenolol (Tenormin), labetalol (Normodyne), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), nadolol (Corgard), and propranolol (Inderal); calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac, others), felodipine (Plendil), isradipine (DynaCirc), nicardipine (Cardene), nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), nimodipine (Sular Nimotop), nisoldipine ), and verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, Verelan); chloramphenicol; cimetidine (Tagamet); diuretics ("water pills"); fluconazole (Diflucan); hormone replacement therapy and hormonal contraceptives (birth control pills, patches, rings, implants, and injections); insulin or other drugs to treat high blood sugar or diabetes; isoniazid (INH); MAO inhibitors such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), and tranylcypromine (Parnate); asthma and cold medicines; medicine for mental illness or nausea; miconazole (Monistat); niacin; oral steroids such as dexamethasone (Decadron, Dexone), methylprednisolone (Medrol), and prednisone (Deltasone); phenytoin (Dilantin); probenecid (Benemid); pain-reducing salicylates such as choline magnesium trisalicylate, choline salicylate (Arthropan), diflunisal (Dolobid), magnesium salicylate (Doan's, others), and salsalate (Argesic, Disalcid, Salgesic); sulfa antibiotics such as co-trimoxazole (Bactrim, Septra); sulfasalazine (Azulfidine); and thyroid drugs. Also be sure to tell your doctor or pharmacist if you stop using any medication while using glipizide. Your doctor may need to change the dose of your medication or monitor you closely for side effects.

Tell your doctor if you have or have had a reduction in G6PD (an inherited condition that causes premature red blood cell destruction or hemolytic anemia); if you have a hormone disorder involving the adrenals, pituitary, or thyroid gland, or if you have heart, kidney, or liver disease. If you are taking expired tablets, tell your doctor if you have short bowel syndrome (a condition in which part of the intestine has been surgically removed, damaged by disease, or you were born without part of your intestine); You have a narrowing or obstruction in your intestines, or if you have diarrhea.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding. If you become pregnant while using glipizide, call your doctor. If you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell your doctor or dentist that you are taking glipizide.

Ask your doctor about the safety of using alcohol while you are taking glipizide. Alcohol can make the side effects of glipizide worse. Consuming alcohol while using glipizide may also rarely cause symptoms such as flushing (facial flushing), headache, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, weakness, blurred vision, mental confusion, dryness, choking, difficulty breathing, and anxiety.

Plan to avoid unnecessary or prolonged exposure to the sun and use safe clothing, glasses, or sunscreen. Glipizide can make your skin sensitive to the sun.

Ask your doctor what to do if you get sick, develop an infection or have a fever, experience unusual stress, or have an injury. This condition can affect your blood sugar and the amount of glipizide you need.

Is glipizide safe for pregnant and lactating women?

There is no adequate research on the risks of using this drug in pregnant or breastfeeding women. Always consult your doctor to weigh the potential benefits and risks before using this medication. This drug is included in the risk of pregnancy category C according to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

The following references the pregnancy risk categories according to the FDA:

• A = No risk,
• B = not at risk in several studies,
• C = May be risky,
• D = There is positive evidence of risk,
• X = Contraindicated,
• N = Unknown

Glipizide Drug Interactions

What medicines may interact with glipizide?

Interactions with other drugs can affect how the drug works and increase the risk of dangerous side effects. This article does not list all possible drug interactions. Record all medicinal products you use (including prescription, non-prescription and herbal medicines) and share them with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any medication without your doctor's permission.

You may potentially develop hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) if you take glipizide with other drugs that can lower blood sugar, such as:

• exenatide (Byetta)
• probenecid (Benemid)
• aspirin or other salicylates (including Pepto Bismol)
• a blood thinner (warfarin, Coumadin, Jantoven)
• sulfa drugs (Bactrim, SMZ-TMP, and others)
• a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
• insulin or other oral diabetes medication

Can food or alcohol interact with glipizide?

Certain drugs should not be used with meals or when eating certain foods because drug interactions can occur. Consuming alcohol or tobacco with certain drugs can also cause interactions to occur. Discuss your use of drugs with food, alcohol, or tobacco with your health care provider. Avoid consuming ethanol alcohol while on this medication.

What health conditions can interact with glipizide?

The presence of other medical problems can affect the use of this drug. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, specifically:

• drunk on alcohol
• underactive adrenal glands
• the pituitary is underactive
• malnutrition
• weakened physical condition
• any other condition that causes low blood sugar - patients with this condition may be more likely to develop low blood sugar when taking glipizide
• diabetic ketoacidosis (ketones in the blood)
• type 1 diabetes — should not be used in patients with this condition
• fever
• infection
• operation
• trauma - this condition can cause temporary problems with controlling blood sugar and your doctor can order to treat you temporarily with insulin
• glucose 6- phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) (enzyme problem) - Can cause hemolytic anemia (blood disorder) in patients with this condition
• heart or blood vessel disease - use with caution. Maybe make the condition worse.
• Kidney illness
• liver disease — a higher blood level due to this drug can occur, leading to serious problems
• narrowing or obstruction of the food passages (esophagus, stomach, or intestines), severe — use with caution
• Extended release tablets can cause constipation in patients with this condition.

Glipizide overdose

What should I do in an emergency or overdose?

In case of an emergency or overdose, contact the local emergency services provider (112) or immediately to the nearest hospital emergency department.

Overdose symptoms can include symptoms of hypoglycemia, and:

• convulsions
• lose consciousness

What should I do if I miss a dose?

If you forget a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, when it is nearing the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and return to the usual dosing schedule. Don't double the dose.

Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.