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Heart attack, or it can be called a myocardial infarction, is a type of heart disease that occurs when blood does not flow to the heart. This results in the muscles in the heart not getting an adequate supply of oxygen. Heart attacks are common in adults or the elderly (elderly), but the cause of heart attacks can also occur at a young age. What exactly causes a heart attack and what are the risk factors? Check out the following explanation.
Identify the main causes of heart attacks
Some of the conditions below are the main causes of heart attacks:
1. Coronary heart disease
You could say coronary heart disease is the main cause of heart attacks. Launching the Mayo Clinic, a heart attack can occur when there is a blockage in the coronary arteries, which are one of the main blood vessels that surround the heart. How did the blockage occur?
Initially, the coronary arteries become narrower because of the accumulation of various substances or substances, one of which is cholesterol. This cholesterol buildup is called plaque. This narrowing of the blood vessels makes it more difficult for blood to flow to the heart through the arteries.
Over time, the plaque that builds up in the blood vessels will break down and spread cholesterol and other substances into the bloodstream. Blood clots will form at the site of the plaque rupture. If the blood clot is large enough, it can block blood flow to the arteries.
Of course this makes the heart muscles not receive oxygen and nutrients as needed. This is what makes coronary artery disease a major cause of heart attacks.
Based on the blockage, the types of heart attacks caused by coronary artery disease are divided into two. Complete blockage of the coronary arteries is called ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which is a more serious type of heart attack.
Meanwhile, a partial blockage of the coronary arteries is called Non ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). The treatment for a heart attack may be different, depending on the type of heart attack experienced by the patient.
2.Coronary Artery Spasm (CAS)
Not all strong people face heartbreak. Therefore, it is not an exaggeration if a broken heart is one of the traumatic events that can be experienced by a person. In addition, there are also various traumatic events that may be experienced, such as the loss of a loved one, and many more.
When experiencing traumatic events in their life, some people may tend to be more susceptible to this condition. In fact, this can cause the body to be prone to various health problems. The reason is, maybe people who experience this incident cannot respond to stress well.
At that time, inflammation and stress hormones in the body increase. Meanwhile, both of them make the body more susceptible to various heart diseases. Therefore, experiencing a traumatic event is one of the causes of an unexpected heart attack.
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