Table of contents:
- What are drugs?
- Why are drugs 'in demand'?
- Symptoms and effects that occur in drug users
- What to do?
Indonesia is a drug emergency. According to BNN data in 2017, there are 4 million (2.18%) Indonesians aged 10-58 years who are narcotics abusers. The large number of drug users has made Indonesia a "paradise" for narcotics traffickers.
Of course this fact is very surprising. With this data, it can be estimated that the drug supply could reach hundreds of tons per year. Every day 40-50 people die from using drugs.
In 2015, there were 35 kinds of drugs consumed by drug users in Indonesia. In the world there are actually 354 types of drugs. In 2016, it was found that 2 out of 100 students abused drugs.
On July 13 2017, the National Police succeeded in arresting an international drug syndicate along with 1 tonne of methamphetamine-type evidence. On July 26 2017, the National Narcotics Agency uncovered a drug syndicate that smuggled more than 284 kilograms of crystal methamphetamine from abroad. This proves that the drug trafficking in Indonesia is massive.
What are drugs?
Narkoba stands for narcotics and dangerous drugs. Narcotics and dangerous substances are often called DRUGS, namely narcotics, psychotropic substances, and addictive substances.
Narcotics are substances derived from plants or non-plants, both synthetic and semi-synthetic, which can cause a decrease or change in consciousness, loss of pain and can lead to dependence.
In medicine, narcotics are used as sedatives, relieve pain, anxiety, treat coughs, diarrhea, acute pulmonary edema. Psychotropics are substances or drugs, both natural and synthetic, not narcotics, which have psychoactive properties through selective influence on the central nervous system which causes changes in mental activity and behavior.
According to Law no. 22 of 1997, narcotics types of drugs are classified into three, namely:
| Group | Information | Example |
| I | Has very strong potential to cause dependence, it is prohibited to be used for treatment. | Opium, heroin, and marijuana. |
| II | Potentially strong addiction, limited use for treatment. | Pethidine, opium, and betametadol. |
| III | Potential for mild dependence, widely used for treatment. | Acetyl dihydrorocodeina, docstroproposifen, and dihydrorocodeina. |
According to Law no. 5 of 1997, psychotropic drugs are classified into four, namely:
| Group | Information | Example |
| I | Illegal drugs, have the potential to be "very strong" to cause dependence. | ecstasy (MDMA = 3,4- methylenedioxy methamfetamine), LSD (lysergic acid diethylamid), and DOM |
| II | Potential "strong" to cause dependence. | amphetamine, methamphetamine, and phenethylene. |
| III | Potential "moderate" to cause dependence. Can be used as a therapy with a doctor's prescription. | amorbarbital, brupronorphine, and modagon. |
| IV | Potential "light" causes dependence. Can be used as a therapy with a doctor's prescription. | diazepam, nitrazepam, lexotan, coplo pills, sedatives (sedatives), and sleeping pills (hypnotics). |
Why are drugs 'in demand'?
Many drug users already know the effects and risks of their actions. However, they still use it for various reasons such as wanting:
- increase creativity
- bring 'inspiration'
- get rid of boredom
- curiosity
- religious customs
- so that "accepted" in the association
- satisfying sexual intercourse
- treat disease
- get rid of inner burdens
- have new, exciting experiences
- proclaims divine freedom and sometimes hostility
- avoid reality
- place of escape
Drug users themselves are further divided into several groups, namely:
- Experimental user: the trial and error stage
- Casual user: have worn more frequently in certain events
- Situational user: there is psychological-physical dependence
- Intensified user: drug dependence stage
- Compulsiver user: out of control again
While drug users are grouped into three, namely
- User: the occasional user
- Abuser: user for some reason
- Addict: users out of necessity
Symptoms and effects that occur in drug users
Usually people who use drugs will show various symptoms that appear when he is off the drug (abstinentia syndrome), acute overdose, medical complications (complicating medicine), other complications (social, legal).
When using drugs, typical signs that can be seen include:
- Aggressive behavior
- Apathetic
- Full of suspicion
- Always sleepy
- Talk pelo
- Stagger
Meanwhile, if the user experiences a drug overdose, the symptoms that will appear include:
- Hard to breathe
- Slow breathing may even stop
- Slow heart rate
- The skin feels cold
If it is very severe, it can cause the user to die.
Meanwhile, the characteristics of drug users who are addicted to alias withdrawal are:
- Decreased consciousness
- Seizures
- Diarrhea
- Watery eyes and nose
- evaporates all the time
- Pain all over the body
- Fear of water so lazy to take a shower
In the long term, users with needles can see injection marks on the arms or other parts of the body, unkempt teeth, regardless of their health, hygiene or personal appearance.
The impact of drug abuse in the form of various disorders and diseases in the brain and central nervous system, respiratory system, reproductive system, digestive system, heart, kidney, liver, skin, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV / AIDS, as well as various social impacts in the family environment, school, office, or workplace, and society.
What to do?
Several efforts have been made by the government and the community to reduce the number of drug users and eliminate these illegal drugs from circulation, in the form of actions:
- Preemptive (educational)
- Preventive (prevention)
- Repressive (law enforcement)
- Rehabilitative (recovery, improvement) in the form of counseling
- Dissemination
- Sarasehan
- Seminar
- Anti-drug cadre training and coaching
- Controls of drug trafficking routes
- Dissemination of the Narcotics Law and the Psychotropic Law, the dangers of Drugs,
- Choosing a positive and conducive social environment
- Fortify yourself with IMTAK and science and technology
- Take addicts to a rehabilitation center
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