Ketalar: function, dosage, side effects, how to use it

Use

What is Ketalar for?

Ketalar is an anesthetic that contains the active ingredient Ketamine. This medicine will make the patient fall asleep and feel no pain during surgical or other medical procedures. Doctors can inject this drug into a muscle or be given via an IV line (intravenously).

The use of this drug must be closely monitored by a doctor. Because, if used carelessly, this drug has the potential to cause dangerous side effects that can be fatal. Starting from a drastic increase in blood pressure to vision problems. In severe cases, this drug can also cause psychological addiction.

How do you use Ketalar?

Only a doctor can give this medicine to you. So, you can't use it alone. The location of drug administration is adjusted to the patient's condition and the procedure they are going to undergo.

The doctor or nurse will closely monitor breathing, blood pressure, heart function, and other vital signs after the drug has been successfully injected into the patient's body. This is done to ensure that your body responds positively to the treatment.

After the drug wears off, the patient will feel strange or slightly confused. This is normal and nothing to worry about. However, make sure you consult a doctor immediately if you experience discomfort that even makes it difficult for you to do something. If you have other questions, you should not hesitate to ask the doctor directly.

How do you store Ketalar?

This medication should be stored at room temperature, away from direct light and damp places. Don't keep it in the bathroom. Don't freeze it. Other brands of this drug may have different storage rules.

Observe the storage instructions on the product package or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medicines away from children and pets. Do not flush medicines down the toilet or down the drain unless instructed to do so.

Discard this product when it has expired or when it is no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company about how to safely dispose of your product.

Dose

The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. ALWAYS consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting treatment.

What is the dose of Ketalar for adults?

Dosage of the drug by injection into the muscle (intramuscular)

Initial dose: 6,5-13 mg / kg BW. A dose of 10 mg / kg BW usually produces an anesthetic effect for 12 to 25 minutes of a surgical procedure.

Dosage of the drug by injection into a vein (intravenous)

Initial dose range: 1 mg / kg BW - 4.5 mg / kg BW. The average dose required to produce an anesthetic effect for five to ten minutes is 2 mg / kg BW. Induction of anesthesia: 1.0 - 2.0 mg / kg BW at a rate of 0.5 mg / kg BW / minute, given in a separate syringe for 1 minute.

What is the dose of Ketalar for children?

There is no provision for the dose of this drug for children. This medicine can be dangerous for children. It is important to understand the safety of drugs before use. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Actually, the dosage of the drug for adults and children may vary. Doctors usually determine a suitable drug dosage based on the level of phosphate in the patient's blood as well as their response to treatment. Therefore, be sure to always consult a doctor before taking any type of drug. This is solely to ensure that you are taking the drug according to the recommended dosage.

In what dosage is Ketamine available?

This drug is available in the form of intravenous and intramuscular injection fluids in strengths of 10 mg / mL, 50 mg / mL, and 100 mg / mL.

Side effects

What side effects can be experienced due to Ketalar?

Just like drugs in general, this one drug also has the potential to cause side effects from mild to severe. Some of the most common side effects of Ketalar include:

• Sleepy
• Lightheadedness
• Nausea
• Gag
• Reddish rash like measles
• Increased blood pressure and pulse
• Increased respiratory rate
• Blurry or double vision (diplopia)
• The dreamy feeling
• Dazed or confused
• Nightmare
• Hallucinations

Other less common side effects that you should be aware of include:

• Low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Heart rate or rhythm disturbances (arrhythmias)
• Eating disorders such as anorexia
• Anxiety, aka anxiety disorder
• Heart rate slows or weakens
• Pain and a red rash appearing at the injection site
• Shallow or short breath
• The body feels weak, lethargic, and very weak

Not everyone experiences the following side effects. There may be some side effects not listed above. If you have concerns about certain side effects, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Precautions & Warnings

What should be known before using Ketalar?

There are several things you need to know before taking medication, including:

• Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any allergies, especially an anesthetic allergy.
• Tell your doctor or pharmacist about your actual condition. Including a history of illness that you have or are currently experiencing.
• Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, non-prescription drugs, and herbal products).
• This medication may cause drowsiness as a side effect. Therefore, avoid driving or operating large machinery until the effect of the drug is completely gone.
• During pregnancy, this medicine should be used only when needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

Is Ketalar safe for pregnant and lactating women?

There are no adequate studies regarding the risks of using this drug in pregnant or breastfeeding women. Always consult your doctor to weigh the potential benefits and risks before using this medication. This drug is included in the risk of pregnancy category B according to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States, or the equivalent of the Food and Drug Administration (BPOM) in Indonesia.

The following references the pregnancy risk categories according to the FDA:

• A = Not at risk
• B = No risk in several studies
• C = Maybe risky
• D = There is positive evidence of risk
• X = Contraindicated
• N = Unknown

Interaction

What medicines might interact with Ketalar?

Drug interactions can change the performance of your medications or increase the risk of serious side effects. Not all possible drug interactions are listed in this document. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription / non-prescription drugs and herbal products) and consult your doctor or pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any medication without your doctor's approval.

A number of drugs that are considered to have negative interactions with the Kelatar drug are:

• Memantin
• Theophylline
• Barbiturates and / or opiate agonists
• Benzodiazepines
• Thyroxine
• Atracurium
• Tubocurarin
• Halogenated anesthetics
• CNS depressants (ex: ethanol, phenothiazines, H1-blockers, or skeletal muscle relaxants)
• Synthesis of thyroid hormone
• Hypertension drugs

There may be other drugs that have not been mentioned above. Please consult a doctor directly for a complete list of drugs that can cause interactions with Ketamine.

Can food or alcohol interact with Ketalar?

Certain drugs should not be used with meals or when eating certain foods because drug interactions can occur. Consuming alcohol or tobacco with certain drugs can also cause interactions to occur. Discuss your use of drugs with food, alcohol, or tobacco with your health care provider.

What health conditions can interact with Ketalar?

Other health conditions that you have can affect the use of the Ketalar drug. Always tell your doctor if you have other health problems, especially:

• Lung or upper respiratory infection
• High eye pressure (glaucoma)
• Chronic alcohol
• Acute alcohol poisoning
• Cirrhosis or other impaired liver function
• Intra-ocular elevation (glaucoma)
• Head injury due to injury
• Dehydration
• Hydrocephalus
• Hypovolemia
• Blood disorders such as acute intermittent porphyria
• Psychiatric illness such as schizophrenia or acute psychosis
• Hyperthyroidism
• Cardiovascular disease, especially coronary artery disease (congestive heart failure, myocardial ischemia, and myocardial infarction)
• Mild to moderate hypertension
• Tachyarrhythmias

There may be many other conditions which have not been mentioned above. Therefore, before using Ketamine drugs, be sure to tell your doctor about all medical history that you have experienced. That way, the doctor will provide other anesthetics that are safer and suitable for your condition.

Overdose

What should I do in case of an overdose?

In case of an emergency or overdose, contact the local emergency services provider (119) or immediately to the nearest hospital emergency department.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

If you forget a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, when it is nearing the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and return to the usual dosing schedule. Don't double the dose.