The fifth disease, a measles-like viral infection that often affects children

Not many ordinary people know about the existence of the fifth disease that often affects children. What causes it and what are the symptoms?

What is the fifth disease?

The fifth disease (Erythema infectiosum) is a mild viral infection that most commonly affects children. It is called the fifth disease because it is the fifth disease in the list of historical classifications of common inflammatory skin diseases in children (the other four being measles, rubella, chickenpox, and roseola).

The fifth disease is caused by Parvovirus B19. This virus tends to spread through the air through saliva and phlegm splashes when a child sneezes or coughs. Symptoms include a reddish rash on the cheeks, arms and legs. This disease is more common in children between the ages of 5 and 14 years. The fifth disease can settle in the body within 4 to 14 days after the body is infected with parvovirus B19. This disease is the cause of upper respiratory tract infections in children.

Although it generally affects children, this disease sometimes also affects adults and can be very dangerous for pregnant women.

Signs and symptoms of the fifth disease

Here are the most common symptoms of the fifth disease:

About 2 to 3 weeks after exposure to the virus, a rash can appear on the face. This redness makes the cheeks look like they have been slapped, and the area around the mouth appears pale. These signs are usually seen only in children.
Reddish spots that appear as lines can appear on the arms and can spread to the chest, back and thighs. The redness may fade but may worsen if the person is exposed to hot steam, such as when taking a hot shower or sunbathing. This redness can last for several weeks. For some people, a red rash may not appear.
Adults may only experience joint pain. Usually on the wrists, ankles and knees.

The fifth disease is not severe for most children. However, the symptoms can look like a serious rash. Therefore, further consult with your doctor to get an official diagnosis. Also tell the doctor what medications your child is currently using, both prescription and nonprescription.

What are the treatment options for fifth disease?

There is no specific treatment for acute fifth disease. Existing treatments are only for symptom relief. For example, if your child has fever or pain, you can give acetaminophen. If new symptoms appear, the child may feel more tired, or his body temperature may increase. Contact your doctor for further treatment.

A child with an acute rash is highly contagious when he has symptoms that resemble a cold, usually before it rains. However, when the rash appears, the child is no longer contagious. However, as a rule, if your child has a rash or fever, keep him away from the other children until the doctor determines what illness he has. As a precaution, wait until your child is free of fever and feels better again before letting him play with other children.

Keeping sick children away from pregnant women is another important precaution, especially during the first three months of pregnancy. This is important because the virus can cause serious problems or even death to the fetus if pregnant women are infected.

Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.