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In this era of sophisticated technology, more and more people are becoming sick due to lack of movement. Most of the diseases that arise are non-communicable diseases related to metabolism in the body. It was reported by Jawa Pos, based on BPJS patient claim data, it is non-communicable diseases that are the main problem for Indonesians, although there is also an infectious disease that is still mushrooming in Indonesia. So, what are the most common diseases in Indonesia? Check it out below.
1. Hypertension
Hypertension (high blood pressure) is one of the most widely claimed diseases in all parts of health services in Indonesia. Hypertension is also known as the silent killer, because it is often asymptomatic.
The sufferer does not realize that he has hypertension. When complications have occurred, usually new people come to the hospital or see a doctor.
The cause of hypertension is not certain. However, there are several factors that are at risk of triggering hypertension. Starting from age, body weight, drinking alcohol and smoking, lack of physical activity, and high sodium intake in daily food.
To prevent hypertension, routine blood pressure checks are the most effective way to monitor your blood pressure.
2. Stroke
You may have guessed that stroke is one of the most common diseases in Indonesia. Stroke is a condition when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted. When this happens, the brain doesn't get enough oxygen and nutrients and brain cells start to die. There are several risk factors that cause stroke, namely:
- Overweight and obesity
- Age over 55 years
- Have a family history of stroke
- Lifestyle that is less active
- Often smoke and drink alcohol
The signs of someone having a stroke that you should be aware of are:
- Talk unclearly or gibberish
- Headache
- Numbness or inability to move parts of the face, arms, or legs, especially on one side of the body
- Vision problems in one or both eyes
- Difficulty walking or moving your legs
3. Heart failure
Heart failure is a condition when the heart valves can't pump blood around the body properly. Heart failure does not mean your heart has stopped working completely, but rather a condition when the heart is weakened so it is not optimal.
Heart failure often occurs in the elderly, but over time many young adults experience this heart problem. Because anyone can experience it, heart failure is also one of the most common diseases in Indonesia.
Signs of a person experiencing heart failure are shortness of breath after strenuous activity, feeling tired more quickly, swollen ankles, dizziness, and a fast heartbeat.
The causes of heart failure are:
- Coronary heart disease, a condition when the arteries in the heart become blocked.
- High blood pressure, this condition can add tension to the heart so that over time it causes heart failure.
- Cardiomyopathy, a condition where the heart muscle is disrupted.
Conditions such as anemia, alcoholism, an overactive thyroid, and a lack of physical activity resulting in excess body weight can also lead to heart failure.
4. Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic or chronic metabolic disorder caused by the pancreas not producing enough insulin or not being able to use the insulin it produces effectively.
Diabetes is also known as silent killer, because it is often not realized. Diabetes is caused by various things, from genetic or hereditary factors, body weight, sedentary behavior (lack of movement), age, high blood pressure, and high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.
If the condition of diabetes is not treated properly, there will be all kinds of more severe complications. Starting from heart and blood vessel disease, nerve damage, kidney damage, and nerve damage to the feet.
5. TB
Apart from the metabolic diseases or non-communicable diseases mentioned above, infection is also one of the most common diseases in Indonesia. This is one of the diseases most commonly claimed by BPJS users in various hospitals in Indonesia.
Reporting from CNN, Indonesia is still listed as one of the countries with a high burden of tuberculosis (TB) cases. Dr. Anung Sugihantono, M.Kes. said that people with weak immune system are usually susceptible to TB infection.
Tb is caused by a bacterium named Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. The TB bacteria can spread from person to person through the air.
When a person with pulmonary TB coughs, sneezes, and spits, the TB germ will come out in the form of very small water particles (droplet) into the air. A person who breathes this air can develop a TB infection. However, TB is actually a curable and preventable disease.
