Polyps disease: drugs, causes, risk factors, symptoms, etc. & bull;

Definition

What are polyps?

Polyps are abnormal growths that can occur anywhere on the body. This network can grow alone or in groups. There are some polyps that are benign and some are malignant, or will turn into cancer.

There are two types of polyps, hyperplastic and adenoma. Hyperplastic types are generally not at risk for cancer. Meanwhile, this type of adenoma is considered the precursor to colon cancer. Although in most cases adenomas do not turn into cancer.

Need a tissue histology examination which is done under a microscope. This examination is used to distinguish between hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps.

Types

There are many types of polyps usually appearing on the intestines, nose or uterus.

• In the intestine: Conditions usually appear in the intestines and rectum, especially in the colorectal region. Usually the condition for the growth of tissue in the intestine is not cancerous, aka benign. Older people are at a higher risk of developing intestinal tissue.
• On the nose: This growth condition is often found around the sinuses and can obstruct the sinuses and nasal passages. You are at higher risk for the condition if you have chronic sinus infections, allergies, asthma or cystic fibrosis.
• In the uterus: Most of the conditions in the uterus are not cancerous. Women of all ages can develop uterine polyps, but this condition is more common after age 40.

How common are polyps?

Polyps are very common in adults and can develop as a person ages. In rare cases, children and adolescents can develop this condition.

It is estimated that the average person who is 60 years old and does not have any risk factors has a 25% chance of developing this condition.

Some types of polyps are more common than others. This condition can occur in patients of any age. This condition can be avoided by reducing risk factors. Talk to your doctor for more information.

Signs & symptoms

What are the signs and symptoms of polyps?

Common symptoms of polyps depend on the location where the tissue grows:

Intestinal polyps

• The presence of blood in the stool or on the paper towels that you use to wipe after defecating can be a sign of inflammation in your colon.
• The stool that comes out is black and has red lines or streaks. This can indicate that there is blood in your intestines.
• Constipation or diarrhea that lasts more than a week
• Stomach aches for more than a week
• Experiencing fatigue or shortness of breath. This could be a sign that your body doesn't have enough iron.

Nasal polyps

• Nasal congestion, in some cases, the patient may have difficulty breathing through the nose, causing sleep problems.
• Excess mucus from the nose.
• The ability to smell decreased.
• Postnasal drip, which is a feeling that mucus continues to flow down the back of the throat
• Pain in the face
• Headache
• Cloudy
• Itching around the eyes
• Have severe sleep apnea. This is a serious condition in which the patient stops breathing during sleep
• Double vision, coupled with the medical history of patients who have allergic fungal sinusitis or cystic fibrosis

Uterine polyps

• Irregular menstrual schedule.
• More blood flows during menstruation.
• Sudden bleeding or spotting from the vagina outside of the menstrual schedule
• The presence of spotting or vaginal bleeding after menopause
• Experiencing signs of infertility

Symptoms of uterine polyps are generally characterized by an often irregular menstrual schedule. Most women generally experience menstruation that lasts four to seven days.

A woman's menstrual cycle generally runs every 28 days. However, there are also menstrual periods that are said to be normal with a cycle ranging from 21 days to 35 days.

There may be signs and symptoms not listed above. If you have concerns about a particular symptom, consult your doctor.

When should I see a doctor?

If you have any signs or symptoms above or any other questions, please consult your doctor. Everyone's body is different. Always consult a doctor to treat your health condition.

Cause

What causes polyps?

There are several causes of polyps. The first is due to gene mutations. This gene mutation can cause abnormal cells or tissue to grow rapidly causing this condition to occur. In some cases, this condition can appear as a symptom or complication of other medical conditions

The causes of polyps can vary based on their location. For example, what happens in the throat is usually the result of an injury from loud screaming or damage to the breathing tube.

Here are some common causes:

• There is inflammation in the body
• Body insertion of foreign objects
• There is a cyst
• There is a tumor
• The presence of mutations in the intestinal cell genes
• The presence of chronic gastric inflammation
• Experiencing excess estrogen

Some doctors also believe that eating foods that contain lots of fat and low intake of fiber can trigger the formation of polyps. Other than that,

Risk factors

What increases my risk for polyps?

Colon polyps risk factors

• Eat lots of foods high in fat and low in fiber
• You are over 50 years of age
• You have a family history of colon polyps and cancer
• You smoke, use tobacco, and alcohol
• You have an inflammatory bowel disorder such as Crohn's disease
• You fall into the category of body weight obese
• You rarely exercise
• You have a poorly managed type 2 diabetes condition
• There have a bacterial stomach infection
• You have familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), a rare genetic syndrome
• Using regular proton pump inhibitor drugs such as Nexium, Prilosec, and Protonix

Risk factors for nasal polyps

The condition for the growth of excess tissue in the nose is more likely to occur in people who have the following conditions:

• You have an ongoing sinus infection
• You have allergies
• You have asthma
• You have cystic fibrosis
• You have a sensitivity to aspirin

Risk factors for uterine polyps

Other factors that can increase the risk of developing this condition are

• Obese women
• You are using tamoxifen, a treatment for breast cancer
• You are on postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy
• There is a family history of Lynch syndrome or Cowden syndrome (a genetic condition that runs in the family)
• This condition is at risk of occurring in women between the ages of 20 and 40 years.

Diagnosis

How are polyps diagnosed?

To diagnose malignant or benign polyps, the doctor will perform several tests. There is some concern that the size of tissue that grows to such a large size could become cancerous, roughly over 1 inch in size. Size more than 1 inch can increase the risk of cancer in patients.

Since most polyps do not cause symptoms, the doctor can check in the following ways:

Diagnosis of intestinal polyps

1. Colonoscopy

For this examination, the doctor will use a long, thin, flexible tube. In the tube there is a light lamp and a camera at the end of the body. The light and camera function is to see the inside of your colon or nose.

The doctor will take a sample of abnormal tissue cells that grow. Then the sample will be sent to the laboratory to determine whether it is at risk of cancer or not.

2. Virtual colonoscopy.

This examination is also known as CT colonography. The exam uses X-rays and a computer to make pictures in the colon from outside your body. The doctor is unable to collect any abnormal tissue samples during this test.

3. Sigmoidoscopy is flexible

In this examination procedure, the doctor will place a thin tube with a light into your anus or rectum to see the lower part of your colon. If you have signs of polyp tissue, the doctor can immediately remove it

4. Stool test

Your doctor will check a sample of your stool for the presence or absence of blood. If he sees anything, you may be advised to undergo a colonoscopy.

5. Test image of the lower digestive tract

Before doing this test, you will be advised to drink a chalky liquid called barium. This fluid will make part of your large intestine easier to see on an X-ray.

Diagnosis of nasal polyps

Nasal polyps are usually seen immediately when looked inside the nose. If the doctor cannot see any abnormal growing tissue, the doctor can perform imaging tests such as X-rays or ultrasound of the nose.

Meanwhile, to see whether a polyp is cancerous or not, a biopsy is needed. In a biopsy, a tissue sample is taken and analyzed under a microscope.

1. CT scan

This test can help doctors find any nasal growth and other abnormalities that indicate chronic inflammation.

2. Skin prick allergy test

At this test, the doctor will anticipate and look for suspicions of an allergy that causes abnormal tissue to grow in the nasal cavity.

3. Cystic fibrosis test

If the patient is a child or toddler, the doctor will recommend this test. Its function is to see the risk of mucus buildup which can cause abnormal tissue to grow in the respiratory tract, especially the nose.

Diagnosis of uterine polyps

1. Transvaginal ultrasound

This is done by using a tool that looks like a stick. This ultrasound device will be placed in the vagina and emit sound waves and create an image of the inner uterus.

On the images, your doctor may see growing tissue that can indicate the presence of uterine or uterine polyps. This occurs when there is thickened tissue in the endometrium area.

2. Hysterosonography.

This procedure is done by injecting salt water (saline) into your uterus through a small tube. A saline tube will be inserted into the uterus through your vagina and cervix.

Saline water can expand your uterine cavity, which gives your doctor a clearer picture of the inside of your uterus during an ultrasound.

3. Hysteroscopy.

In this examination test your doctor inserts a thin, flexible, and bright telescope (hysteroscope) through your vagina and cervix into your uterus. Hysteroscopy allows your doctor to examine the inside of your uterus.

4. Endometrial biopsy

Your doctor may use a suction catheter in the uterus to collect a tissue sample for laboratory testing. Uterine polyps can be confirmed by endometrial biopsy, but biopsy can also skip polyps.

Medicines & Medicines

The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. ALWAYS consult your doctor.

Treatment and medication depends on several factors, such as:

• Where the network appears
• The number of networks is growing
• How large the abnormal tissue is
• Whether the growing tissue is malignant or not.

Intestinal polyps treatment

During the examination process for the diagnosis of tissue conditions in the intestine, the foam doctor uses a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy to remove polyps. This is called a polypectomy.

If the tissue is too large to be removed in this way, the patient may need surgery to remove it. After discharge, a pathologist tests it to check if it is malignant or cancerous.

If you have a genetic condition such as familial adenomatous polyposis, your doctor may recommend surgery to remove part or all of your colon and rectum. It's the best way to prevent colon cancer for people with this health problem.

If you have colon polyps, there is a high chance that this condition will recur and the number can be more of it later. Your doctor will recommend that you have more screening examinations in the future.

Treatment of nasal polyps

Chronic sinusitis, with or without polyps, is a condition that needs to be cleared up completely. The goal of treating this condition is to reduce its size or eliminate it. Medicines are usually the first approach. Surgery is also sometimes necessary, but may not provide a permanent solution as this condition tends to recur.

Drugs

Medicines used by drugs that can make this abnormal tissue disappear or shrink are:

• Nasal corticosteroids.

Your doctor will likely prescribe a corticosteroid nasal spray to reduce inflammation. This treatment can shrink polyps or remove them from fully grown tissue.

Nasal corticosteroids include the drugs fluticasone (Flonase, Veramyst), budesonide (Rhinocort), flunisolide, mometasone (Nasonex), triamcinolone (Nasacort Allergy 24HR), beclomethasone (Beconase AQ) and ciclesonide (Omnaris).

• Oral and injectable corticosteroids.

If nasal corticosteroids are ineffective, your doctor may prescribe an oral corticosteroid, such as a prednisone medication. This medication can be used alone or in combination with a nasal spray.

Because oral corticosteroids can cause serious side effects, you usually take them only for a limited period of time. Injectable corticosteroids can be used if nasal polyps are severe.

• Other drugs

Doctors may also prescribe medications to treat conditions that trigger chronic inflammation of the sinuses or nasal passages. These may include antihistamines to treat allergies and antibiotics to treat chronic or recurring infections. Desensitization and aspirin treatment may be of benefit in some patients who are sensitive to aspirin.

Uterine polyps

In special medicine in the womb, the doctor will perform a curettage procedure in the operating room, this procedure can diagnose and treat polyps. Doctors use a long metal instrument called a curette to collect tissue from the inner wall of the uterus.

The curette tool has a small loop at the end that allows the doctor to scrape the growing tissue. The growing tissue will be removed and can be sent to a laboratory for testing to determine whether cancer cells are present or not.

In addition to curettage surgery, this condition can also be drugs to control tissue growth, aka so as not to recur.

Home remedies

What are some lifestyle changes or home remedies that can be done to treat polyps?

Here are lifestyle and home remedies that can help you treat polyps:

• Perform routine examinations, understand the condition and monitor the development of abnormal tissue in detail
• Follow the rules for taking medication recommended by the doctor. given exactly
• Have a healthy lifestyle such as eating healthy and exercising regularly

If you have any questions, consult your doctor for the best solution to your problem.

Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.